“Was the Suzuki “”Jimny”” still the most powerful? SUVs are still in their heyday… What is an XC four-wheel drive? What is the difference between an SUV and an XC four-wheel drive?
Everything is called an “”SUV””… but what was the old “”cross-country””?
Nowadays, with SUVs becoming the standard category, “”cross-country 4WD”” is once again in the limelight.
It is also called “”XC 4WD”” or “”off-road 4WD,”” but what kind of vehicle is it?
No way… a “”Jimny”” with 5 doors! The ultimate overnight stay specification is amazing! See the actual car!
Is it no longer just a Suzuki “”Jimny””? Small in size, but great on rough roads! What kind of car is a Cross Country 4WD?
The Suzuki Jimny is a typical example of a cross-country 4WD.
The current Jimny, which debuted in 2018, has been reborn as a car that is 180 degrees opposite of an SUV, under the slogan “”back to basics.
Unlike SUVs, which are usually equipped with a monocoque body structure and four-wheel independent suspension, the Jimny features a ladder frame structure and rigid axle suspension, making it look like a truck.
Furthermore, the 4WD system is not a full-time 4WD, but a part-time 4WD with a sub-transmission (sub-transfer).
Conservative cross-country 4WD vehicles with a structure similar to the Jimny’s are becoming increasingly rare, with only the Jeep Wrangler and Toyota Land Cruiser 70 series (for overseas use only) remaining.
The origin of these cross-country 4WDs is the “”Jeep,”” which was active in World War II.
Small military vehicles such as the Ford “”GPW”” and the Willys “”MB”” were developed to move quickly across all terrains and carry various weapons and personnel.
At the beginning of the 20th century, road infrastructure was not well developed, so these vehicles needed to have excellent drivability over muddy and other rough terrain.
Also, in anticipation of towing large weapons and vehicles, they were equipped with an auxiliary transmission with a lower gear ratio than that used in normal driving in order to provide powerful towing capability.
The tread was adapted to “”standard gauge,”” the standard track width in Europe and the United States, and in some cases, trains were towed.
Furthermore, as military vehicles, robustness and ease of maintenance were required.
The frame-on-body construction has the advantage that the vehicle can continue to run even if the body is slightly damaged, as long as the chassis below the ladder frame is not damaged.
The square body is not only easy to get a feel for the vehicle, but also easy to repair or replace.
The leaf spring + rigid axle suspension was sturdy and had the added virtue of being easy to maintain due to the small number of parts.
The Jeep is one of the most outstanding vehicles of the 20th century, and after the war, it was used not only for military purposes but also for civilian purposes.
The Jeep was modeled after the Jimny and Land Cruiser, the former Nissan Safari (Patrol), Land Rover Defender (Series I to III), and Mercedes-Benz Gelendewagen (G-Class).
Was the Suzuki “”Jimny”” still the most powerful? Even in the heyday of SUVs… What is an XC four-wheel drive? What is the difference between an SUV and an XC four-wheel drive?
Which car started the modern SUV culture?
The development of road infrastructure and the evolution of technology has since divided the cross-country 4WD into two streams.
One was the “”workhorse”” vehicle in the vein of the Jeep, and the other was the general-purpose 4WD vehicle for the urban dweller.
It is no exaggeration to say that the latter trend was paved by Land Rover’s first-generation Range Rover.
Its stylish wagon-shaped body, full-time 4WD with a sub-transfer for less cumbersome operation, and coil spring suspension for a comfortable ride on any road.
The first-generation Range Rover subsequently inspired rivals such as the Land Cruiser and Gelendewagen.
Land Rover’s flagship model introduced in 1970; the second generation was launched in 1995, and the third generation was redesigned with a monocoque chassis
Today’s cross-country 4WDs vary in construction.
Some vehicles, such as the current Defender and Range Rover, have monocoque bodies and independent suspension.
On the other hand, there are various vehicles that have been made to look good, such as the Land Cruiser 300 series, and those that have inherited the venerable structure, such as the Jimny and Wrangler.
The only difference between SUVs and cross-country 4WDs is the presence or absence of an auxiliary transmission.
As mentioned above, the secondary transmission is not only necessary for towing, but also creates a powerful driving force when driving on rough roads. Furthermore, it is also a necessary mechanism to protect the transmission.
When driving off-road on severely uneven and sloping terrain, a transmission with a normal gear ratio can be overloaded and damaged.
If the clutch burns out, driving may become impossible. By using a low geared transmission with an auxiliary gearbox, a larger driving force can be obtained even at lower rpm, and at the same time, damage to the drivetrain can be reduced.
In Japan, 4WD is rarely used in the low range, but the appeal of cross-country 4WD may be that it tickles the owner’s sense of adventure just to have this on his or her car.”